And a Little Plato to Go With Your Aristotle

Plato held that all members of a ideal society belonged to one of three castes:

Productive - the carpenters, plumbers, masons, merchants, farmers, and the like who represent the "appetite" of the soul.

Protective - the armed forces who represent the "spirit" of the soul.

Governing - the intelligent, rational, self-controlled, and wise who make decisions for the community and represent the "reasoning" par of the soul.

The governing class he held to be "philosopher kings", a minority endowed with the reason and wisdom to rule. Of these he wrote:

"Until philosophers rule as kings or those who are now called kings and leading men genuinely and adequately philosophise, that is, until political power and philosophy entirely coincide, while the many natures who at present pursue either one exclusively are forcibly prevented from doing so, cities (states, in modern terms) will have no rest from evils,... nor, I think, will the human race.

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Plato recognized that all citizens in a state may not fall into these three castes in a less than ideal state. Indeed, he describe the different kinds of humans that can be observed, from tyrants to lovers of money in various kinds of states.

And, the result of a state allowing these deviant souls?

A state which is made up of different kinds of souls, will overall decline from an aristocracy (rule by the best) to a timocracy (rule by the honorable), then to an oligarchy (rule by the few), then to a democracy (rule by the people), and finally to tyranny (rule by one person, rule by a tyrant).